Hearing Loss and Cognitive Decline: A Neural Link

Presbycusis, age-related hearing loss accompanied by difficulty recognizing speech, is a widespread condition. While a connection between hearing loss and an increased risk of cognitive decline has been observed, the underlying biological mechanisms remained unclear. Recent research from Tiangong University and Shandong Provincial Hospital, led by Ning Li, has identified a specific neurobiological link between the two.

Functional-Structural Ratio and Brain Network Disruption

The study, published in eNeuro, highlights the importance of the functional-structural ratio (FSR) in understanding this connection. Researchers found that in individuals with presbycusis, there’s reduced connectivity between key brain regions and their associated functional networks. Specifically, the putamen and fusiform gyrus – areas involved in processing sound and speech – and the precuneus and medial superior frontal gyrus – regions crucial for memory and decision-making – exhibit weaker connections.

These diminished connections were directly correlated with both poorer hearing thresholds and reduced performance on tests assessing memory and executive function. This suggests a coordinated decline in both brain structure and function contributes to the symptoms of hearing loss and potentially cognitive impairment.

Implications for Biomarker Development and Hearing Health

According to the authors, these findings suggest that preserving hearing health may be a protective factor for brain integrity. Li emphasizes, “The most important takeaway is that preserving hearing health may protect brain integrity.” The researchers propose that the FSR could potentially serve as a biomarker – a measurable indicator – to identify individuals at higher risk for dementia through brain scans.

Further Research and Expert Information

Ning Li, Ph.D., from the Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, has contributed extensively to research in biomedical fields, with over 3,262 citations to their operate according to Google Scholar. Additional research into the link between hearing loss and cognitive decline is ongoing.

Citation: Hearing loss and cognitive decline in presbycusis may be linked via neural activity fluctuations, cell death (2026, February 16) retrieved 16 February 2026 from https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-02-loss-cognitive-decline-presbycusis-linked.html