Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Outbreak in Trentino, Italy Raises Concerns
An outbreak of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) has been detected in the Trentino region of Italy, prompting concerns among local farmers and triggering mandatory culling measures. The resurgence of this highly contagious disease, after years of the region being considered free, poses a potential economic risk to agricultural businesses.
What is Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis?
Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is a contagious disease of cattle caused by bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) . It commonly affects the respiratory and reproductive systems of cattle. The disease can manifest in several ways, including respiratory illness, infertility, and abortions.
The Current Outbreak in Trentino
The outbreak is concentrated in the lower Trentino area, specifically in the municipalities of Ala and Avio. As of February 28, 2026, approximately 150 to 200 cattle across 3-4 farms have tested positive for IBR . The infection is believed to have originated from contact with cattle from the Veneto region, where recovery plans for IBR are not in place.
Culling and Control Measures
The Province of Trento has implemented a mandatory recovery plan that includes the culling of infected animals. This plan must be completed within 12 months of the initial positive test results . Further controls will be conducted to restore IBR compensation to affected companies.
Symptoms of IBR in Cattle
IBR can cause a range of symptoms in cattle, including:
- Fever
- Difficulty breathing (dyspnea)
- Conjunctivitis (inflammation of the eyes)
- Nasal discharge
- Cough
- Decreased appetite
- Weight loss
- Reduced milk production
- Infertility and abortions
Risk to Humans
According to available information, IBR does not pose a risk to human health.
Economic Impact and Future Outlook
The outbreak is causing significant concern among farmers, who fear for the economic viability of their businesses. The culling of approximately 150-200 animals represents a substantial loss. Authorities are continuing to monitor the situation and hope to prevent further spread of the disease. The president of the Sabbionara dairy, Renzo Creazzi, expressed worry about the future of companies in the region .