RSV Vaccines: Protecting Adults from a Common Respiratory Virus

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common respiratory virus that typically causes mild, cold-like symptoms. Though, for older adults and those with certain underlying health conditions, RSV can lead to severe illness, hospitalization, and even death. Fortunately, novel vaccines are now available to support protect adults from RSV. This article provides a comprehensive overview of RSV, the available vaccines, and who should consider getting vaccinated.

What is RSV?

RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) infects the upper respiratory tract – the nose and throat – and can sometimes affect the lungs. While often mistaken for a common cold in adults and older children, RSV can be a serious threat, particularly for those with weakened immune systems or pre-existing conditions. It is a major cause of potentially serious disease, especially among older adults and individuals with compromised immune systems.

Who is at Risk for Severe RSV?

Certain adults are at higher risk of developing severe RSV illness. The CDC recommends vaccination for the following groups:

• Adults 75 years and older: All adults in this age group should receive a single dose of the RSV vaccine.
• Adults ages 50-74 with increased risk: Adults in this age range should discuss vaccination with their healthcare provider if they have conditions that increase their risk of severe RSV illness, including:

Conditions Increasing RSV Risk

• Chronic cardiovascular disease (e.g., heart failure, coronary artery disease)
• Chronic lung or respiratory disease (e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma)
• End-stage renal disease or dependence on hemodialysis
• Diabetes mellitus complicated by chronic kidney disease, neuropathy, retinopathy, or requiring treatment with insulin or sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor
• Neurologic or neuromuscular conditions causing impaired airway clearance or respiratory muscle weakness

Available RSV Vaccines

As of February 2026, three FDA-licensed RSV vaccines are recommended for adults ages 50 and older:

• Arexvy (GSK)
• mResvia (Moderna)
• Abrysvo (Pfizer)

Currently, there is no preference for which vaccine adults 50 and older should receive.

When Should You Get Vaccinated?

Eligible adults can receive the RSV vaccine at any time, but the optimal time to vaccinate is in late summer and early fall, before RSV typically begins to spread within the community. The RSV vaccine is not currently recommended as an annual vaccination. a single dose provides protection at this time.

RSV and Other Respiratory Illnesses

It’s important to remember that RSV is just one of several respiratory viruses circulating each year. Other viruses, like influenza (the flu) and COVID-19, can also cause serious illness. Practicing good hygiene, such as frequent handwashing and wearing a mask when appropriate, can help reduce the spread of all respiratory diseases.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Is the RSV vaccine covered by insurance?

Most insurance plans cover the RSV vaccine, but coverage may vary. It’s best to check with your insurance provider to confirm your specific coverage.

What are the side effects of the RSV vaccine?

Common side effects of the RSV vaccine are generally mild and may include pain, redness, or swelling at the injection site, fatigue, muscle aches, and headache.

Can I get the RSV vaccine at the same time as other vaccines?

Yes, the RSV vaccine can be administered with other vaccines, including the flu and COVID-19 vaccines.

Key Takeaways

• RSV can cause severe illness in older adults and those with underlying health conditions.
• Three RSV vaccines are now available for adults ages 50 and older.
• Vaccination is recommended for all adults 75 years and older and those ages 50-74 with increased risk factors.
• The best time to get vaccinated is in late summer or early fall.

Talk to your healthcare provider to determine if the RSV vaccine is right for you. Protecting yourself from RSV is an important step in maintaining your overall health and well-being.