Researchers at the University of São Paulo (USP) in Bauru are launching a clinical study to track how GLP-1 receptor agonists—used for type 2 diabetes and obesity—impact oral health over a six-month period. Led by postgraduate researcher Giovana Soares Buzinaro under the supervision of professor Silvia Helena de Carvalho Sales Peres at the Faculty of Dentistry of Bauru (FOB-USP), the cohort study aims to document changes in gum health, tooth wear, and saliva production among patients using these injectable and oral medications.
Clinical Trial Structure and Patient Recruitment
The study divides participants over the age of 18 with a body mass index (BMI) above 30 kg/m² into three distinct cohorts: individuals who have recently started injectable GLP-1 medications, those who have recently started oral formulations of the drug, and a control group of individuals who do not use either treatment. To maintain data integrity, researchers have excluded smokers, pregnant individuals, participants with fewer than six teeth, and anyone currently diagnosed with infectious diseases or taking antibiotics or anti-inflammatory drugs.
According to project documentation released by the university, participation is entirely voluntary and free of charge. Clinical evaluations take place at the Advanced Translational Center for the Obese (CATO-USP) located on the USP Bauru campus. Individuals interested in participating can contact the research team directly through researcher Giovana Soares Buzinaro.
Evaluating Side Effects and Oral Health Impacts
While GLP-1 receptor agonists support glycemic control and weight reduction, they can induce side effects such as nausea, dry mouth, and shifts in dietary habits. These physiological changes can influence oral health over time. During the six-month monitoring period, participants will undergo free clinical consultations to assess gum tissue condition, monitor dental wear, and measure saliva output.
In addition to physical examinations, participants complete quality-of-life questionnaires and discuss their personal experiences with the research team, noting any shifts in oral comfort or daily nutrition.
The objective of the USP Bauru investigation is to establish a set of clinical guidelines for dental surgeons. By mapping how GLP-1 medications affect the oral cavity over six months, the research team intends to help dental practitioners better monitor patients undergoing these therapies, improve preventive dental care, and mitigate oral complications associated with these treatments.
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