Yellow Fever Resurgence in Venezuela Prompts National Vaccination Plan

Venezuela is facing a renewed threat from yellow fever, with a recent outbreak and increasing concerns about public health. The country has launched a national vaccination plan to combat the spread of the disease, following a regional resurgence across Latin America. This comes after the confirmation of 36 human cases between June 2025 and January 2026, with a concerning case fatality rate of 55.6%.

Understanding Yellow Fever

Yellow fever is an acute viral hemorrhagic disease transmitted by infected mosquitoes. The disease is endemic in several Latin American and African countries [PAHO]. Symptoms typically include fever, headache, jaundice, muscle pain, front chills, loss of appetite, and vomiting. In severe cases, it can lead to liver failure, bleeding, and death.

Recent Outbreak and Response

In February 2026, Venezuela’s acting president, Delcy Rodriguez, activated a National Yellow Fever Immunization Plan [Telesur]. This initiative followed a meeting with the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO/WHO) representative in the country, Dr. Armando De. The plan aims to contain the outbreak that has been spreading across Latin America and has now reached Venezuelan territory.

Regional Context and Endemic Areas

Yellow fever is endemic in several regions of South America, including parts of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela [PAHO]. The PAHO/WHO Yellow Fever Dashboard provides updated information on cases and outbreaks in the Americas [PAHO/WHO].

PAHO/WHO Involvement

The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) is actively monitoring the situation and providing support to Venezuela and other affected countries. PAHO offers resources and guidance on vaccination campaigns and disease surveillance.

Key Takeaways

• Venezuela is experiencing a resurgence of yellow fever, with a high case fatality rate.
• A national vaccination plan has been launched to control the outbreak.
• Yellow fever is endemic in several South American countries, requiring ongoing vigilance and preventative measures.
• PAHO/WHO is actively involved in monitoring and supporting response efforts.