Carnival in the Netherlands: A Guide to Celebrations in 2026

Carnival in the Netherlands, known as Carnaval, Vastenavond, or Vastelaovend depending on the region, is one of the biggest and most anticipated parties of the year, particularly in the southern provinces. Celebrations in 2026 promise a vibrant display of Dutch traditions blended with influences from Italy, France and Germany.

What is Carnival?

Carnival is a Catholic celebration traditionally held in the weeks leading up to Easter. Originally, it marked the beginning of Lent – the 40-day fasting period before Easter. While the religious elements have diminished over time, the core spirit of the festival remains strong. It’s a time for a reversal of social norms, where costumes are worn, cities may temporarily change their names, a Prince of Carnival is chosen, and daily life is put on hold for festivities.

Where is Carnival Celebrated in the Netherlands?

While Carnival is celebrated in various cities and towns across the Netherlands, it is most prominent in the southern regions, specifically in the provinces of Limburg and North Brabant, due to their traditionally Catholic populations. Some parts of Drenthe also participate in the celebrations.

Key Traditions and Festivities

• Costumes: Revellers don elaborate costumes, often poking fun at authority and social conventions.
• Carnival Parade: The highlight of the festivities is the Carnival Parade, featuring large floats organized by local carnival associations.
• Prince of Carnival: A Prince of Carnival is chosen to preside over the celebrations.
• Reversal of Social Norms: Traditional social hierarchies are temporarily overturned, allowing for playful disruption and a sense of freedom.
• Shrove Tuesday: Shrove Tuesday, the day before Ash Wednesday, plays a significant role in the celebrations.

When Does Carnival Take Place?

Carnival officially begins on Sunday and lasts three days, concluding before Ash Wednesday, which marks the start of Lent. However, celebrations often start on the preceding Thursday evening, extending the festivities to six days. In 2026, the date will be determined by the Easter calendar.

A Brief History of Dutch Carnival

Carnival celebrations in the Netherlands date back to the 14th century, with early festivities in Den Bosch including games, dressing up, and gambling. The celebrations were later revived in the early 19th century and have been continuously celebrated since the end of World War II. It served as a way for people to maintain their cultural identity during periods of foreign rule.

Carnaval, Vastenavond, or Vastelaovend?

The celebration is generally known as Carnival internationally, but within the Netherlands, it has regional variations: Carnaval is the most widely used term, encompassing celebrations across the country. Vastenavond (eve of the fasting) and Vastelaovend are used in specific regions, particularly Limburg.