Migratory Species Face Escalating Extinction Risk, New Report Warns

A new report released on March 5, 2026, highlights a concerning trend: the increasing number of migratory wild animals at risk of extinction due to factors including climate change and human activity. The findings were presented during an international conference in Brazil, ahead of the 15th Conference of the Contracting Parties to the Ramsar Convention (Ramsar COP15), scheduled for March 23-29 in Campo Verde, Brazil.

Worsening Global Trends

The report, published by the Bonn Convention of 1979 on the conservation of migratory species of wild fauna, reveals that 24% of migratory species are now threatened with extinction, a two percentage point increase since a similar assessment in 2024. Nearly half (49%, or 592 species) are experiencing population declines. While some of this change may reflect improved data collection, the report emphasizes the “increased urgency” of conservation efforts.

Shorebirds Particularly Vulnerable

Shorebirds are identified as being particularly at risk, with the majority showing a deterioration in their conservation status due to intensifying threats. These threats are largely attributable to human activities, including habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation caused by intensive agriculture and overexploitation through hunting and fishing. Climate change likewise plays a significant role.

Success Stories Offer Hope

Despite the overall negative trend, the report notes some positive developments. Certain species, such as the Mediterranean monk seal, the saiga, and the scimitar-horned oryx, have been moved to less threatened categories thanks to successful conservation measures. This demonstrates that targeted interventions can be effective in reversing declines.

Human Activity as a Primary Driver

The report underscores that the threats facing migratory animals are directly linked to human activity. Beyond habitat destruction and overexploitation, pollution (including pesticides and plastics) and disturbances like underwater noise and light pollution also contribute to the problem. Migratory patterns, driven by factors like climate, food availability, and breeding grounds, make these animals particularly vulnerable to disruptions across vast geographical areas.

International Collaboration is Key

BirdLife South Africa and partners are actively working to address the dire situation of the African Penguin, demonstrating the collaborative efforts needed to protect migratory species. BirdLife International is involved in similar initiatives globally.

The Nature Conservancy is also working on conservation efforts in Africa, focusing on areas like land restoration and carbon solutions. The Nature Conservancy highlights the importance of integrated approaches to conservation.