Anxiety in Parkinson’s Disease: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
According to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), approximately 500,000 people in the US have been diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease (PD), making it the second most common neurodegenerative condition in the country.1 Estimates suggest that as many as one million Americans may have PD, with the annual cost of treatment reaching $14 billion.1
Parkinson’s disease is a progressive movement disorder affecting the central nervous system. As the disease progresses, individuals with PD can experience difficulties with movement control, including walking, and speaking.1 These effects significantly impact quality of life, often leading to mental health challenges. Anxiety is a common co-occurring condition in PD, and while various treatment options are available, untreated anxiety can be distressing and complicate disease management.
Anxiety Statistics in Parkinson’s Disease
The Parkinson’s Foundation reports that approximately 40% of individuals with PD will experience an anxiety disorder during their lifetime.2 around 50% will experience some form of depression.2
A 2025 study published in Movement Disorders Clinical Practice identified generalized anxiety disorder and social anxiety as prevalent subtypes of anxiety disorders in people with PD.3 Diagnosing anxiety in PD can be challenging, as many anxiety symptoms overlap with PD symptoms, including fatigue, restlessness, insomnia, and difficulty concentrating.3
Other potential symptoms of anxiety in individuals with PD include:2
- Unwelcome, repetitive thoughts
- Feeling overly alert or constantly on guard
- Avoiding situations due to fear
- Irritability or restlessness
- Racing heartbeat, dizziness, or nausea
Causes of Anxiety in Parkinson’s Disease
Anxiety can develop in people with Parkinson’s disease for several reasons. Coping with symptom management and the lifestyle changes required to manage PD can contribute to ongoing worry.2 The uncertainty surrounding the disease’s progression similarly plays a role.2
Research published in npj Parkinson’s Disease in 2023 explored the experiences of individuals with PD and their struggles with anxiety.4 While some participants found it difficult to define anxiety, others linked it to changes in their body and mind over time, or to pre-existing anxiety worsened by the disease.4
PD treatment itself can sometimes contribute to anxiety, as symptom recurrence or increased anxiety may occur as medication effects wear off.2 Prolonged social isolation, resulting from the impact of PD on quality of life and function, can also exacerbate anxiety.2
Treating Anxiety in Parkinson’s Disease
Managing anxiety in Parkinson’s disease requires a tailored approach. If anxiety episodes correlate with medication timing, adjustments to medication schedules or the addition of latest medications may be beneficial.2
The Movement Disorders Clinical Practice study indicated that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are frequently prescribed for anxiety in PD patients.3 Sertraline was noted as a generally well-tolerated SSRI.3 Duloxetine, a serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor, has also shown promise in addressing both anxiety and chronic pain in this population.3
Treatment choices depend on the specific symptoms experienced by the patient. Higher doses of buspirone demonstrated potential efficacy against dyskinesia in PD patients, but also increased anxiety scores in some.3 Type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors, developed for PD treatment to inhibit dopamine catabolism, have shown mixed results in treating anxiety.3
Beyond medication, cognitive strategies like mindfulness, rationalization, and learning new skills were sought by some participants in the npj Parkinson’s Disease study.4 However, many were hesitant about cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), citing concerns about personalization and therapist knowledge of PD. Talk therapy remains an option, potentially helping with isolation and developing coping strategies.2
Effective management of anxiety in Parkinson’s disease relies on open communication between patients and healthcare providers. Individualized treatment plans, tailored to specific symptoms and disease stages, are crucial for optimal symptom control.2
Disclaimer: This article provides general information and should not be considered medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment of any medical condition.
1 National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke: Parkinson’s Disease
2 NIH MedlinePlus Magazine: Parkinson’s Disease Explained
3 Movement Disorders Clinical Practice Study
4 npj Parkinson’s Disease Study
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