Aging with HIV: New Research Highlights Unique Challenges for Women

As access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) expands, people living with HIV are living longer, healthier lives. However, a new perspective published in the Journal of the International AIDS Society highlights the unique challenges faced by women as they age with HIV, and the critical necessitate for more focused research to address gaps in understanding and care. The viewpoint, released in advance of International Women’s Day on March 8th, 2026, emphasizes that older women remain significantly under-represented in HIV research.

The Complexities of Aging with HIV for Women

Women now account for more than half of the global population living with HIV [1]. As they age, they experience a complex interplay of factors – including the effects of long-term HIV, menopause, and age-related non-communicable conditions – that require tailored medical attention. These factors are further shaped by biological, social, and structural influences.

Evidence Gaps and the Need for Focused Research

The authors – Caroline A Sabin, Nomathemba Chandiwana, Anchalee Avihingsanon, and Nicoletta Policek – point to significant evidence gaps in understanding the combined effects of aging, menopause, and long-term HIV care in women. These gaps can leave healthcare systems unprepared to deliver high-quality, responsive care. Specifically, research is needed to better understand sex-specific pathways to comorbidities associated with aging with HIV.

Key Priorities for Improving Care

To address these inequities, the authors outline several key priorities:

• Engaging Women as Research Partners: Women living with HIV should be actively involved as equal partners in the research process.
• Sex-Specific Research: Studies should be designed to assess sex-specific pathways to comorbidity.
• Representative Study Cohorts: Ensure adequate representation of women in HIV study cohorts.
• Addressing Social Determinants: Research must address the impacts of stigma, mental health, gender-based violence, and caregiving burden on the health outcomes of women living with HIV.

The Importance of Addressing Stigma and Mental Health

The authors emphasize that addressing the social and emotional well-being of women aging with HIV is crucial. Stigma and mental health challenges can significantly impact health outcomes and must be integrated into comprehensive care plans.

Looking Ahead

The publication of this viewpoint underscores the urgent need for a more nuanced and inclusive approach to HIV care for women. By prioritizing research that addresses the unique challenges faced by aging women with HIV, and by actively engaging women in the research process, we can work towards ensuring equitable access to high-quality, responsive care for all.