According to a study published on December 30, 2025, in Science Bulletin by a team led by Shanxi University physicist Xiaolong Su, the breakthrough overcomes a longstanding technical barrier by allowing adjustable, deterministic quantum teleportation without relying on a one-at-a-time process.
Overcoming Single-Channel Limitations in Continuous-Variable Systems
Traditional continuous-variable experiments typically handle quantum state transfers as a one-at-a-time process. According to the Shanxi University research team, scientists previously teleported just a single sideband qumode—essentially one distinct frequency channel riding on an optical field. Real communication systems require the ability to send many channels in parallel rather than taking turns, creating a stubborn hurdle for scaling quantum networks. To solve this, the researchers proposed and demonstrated controllable, deterministic continuous-variable quantum teleportation of multiple sideband qumodes simultaneously, as detailed in Science Bulletin. The approach hinges on carefully tuning the phases of two classical communication channels while selecting different adjustable frequencies, enabling the team to teleport up to five sideband qumodes within a 24 MHz bandwidth.
Scaling Bandwidth to 100 Channels Using Spatial Light Modulators
Expanding on the parallel transmission of quantum data, researchers have also demonstrated broader network scaling. According to findings published on August 20 in Physical Review Letters by a team including East China Normal University physics professor Jietai Jing, scientists scaled quantum teleportation up to 100 channels. This technique encodes a programmable, reconfigurable computer-generated hologram onto a spatial light modulator. The modulator passes a laser beam through the hologram to create a 10-by-10 grid pattern of distinct spatial modes functioning as pixels. Jietai Jing noted that a large quantum network requires many quantum channels to be generated, matched, and manipulated simultaneously, pointing out that the architecture contributes directly to high-capacity quantum communication.
Fidelities and Practical Implications for Quantum Networks
In the Shanxi University experiments, the teleported outputs reached fidelities of about 70%, with all tested channels surpassing the non-cloning limit. This benchmark marks the boundary between genuine quantum teleportation and results that could be replicated by purely classical strategies. By using phase control, researchers can choose how many qumodes are teleported in a given run rather than being locked into a fixed number. According to the Science Bulletin study, this combination provides a practical route for scaling up entanglement-based links. Packing more quantum information into the same physical setup allows quantum computers to connect as more powerful processors and links quantum sensors into high-precision arrays, all without needing a separate teleportation apparatus for every individual channel.
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