Two ‘Lazarus’ Species Once Thought Extinct Found Alive in Fresh Guinea

Two marsupial species, the pygmy long-fingered possum and the ring-tailed glider, previously known only from ancient fossils dating back over 7,000 years, have been confirmed to still exist in New Guinea. The discovery, announced by the Bishop Museum in Honolulu, highlights the importance of Indigenous knowledge, citizen science, and collaborative research in uncovering hidden biodiversity.

Rediscovering Lost Species

These animals are categorized as “Lazarus species”—organisms that reappear after being presumed extinct. Dr. Tim Flannery of the Australian Museum described the finding of two such species as “unprecedented.” Woman’s World reports that the confirmation came through a combination of Indigenous knowledge, a wildlife photograph, university specimens, and a citizen science platform.

How the Discovery Unfolded

The story began in the 1990s when Dr. Ken Aplin identified the species through fossilized teeth excavated during an archaeological dig in western New Guinea. For years, these teeth were the sole evidence of their existence. Recent research, conducted over the past two years by Dr. Flannery and Dr. Kristofer Helgen of the Bishop Museum, successfully confirmed the animals’ continued survival.

The Significance of ‘Lazarus Species’

“To be able to say that they indeed are alive brings me joy as a scientist and conservationist. It feels like a second chance to learn about, and protect, these remarkable animals,” said Dr. Helgen. Woman’s World

Recent Biodiversity Discoveries

This discovery coincides with a surge in new species identifications. In late October 2025, researchers identified multiple new species across Vietnam, India, the Philippines, Borneo, and Peru, all characterized by exceptional camouflage techniques. Woman’s World

Key Takeaways

• Two marsupial species, the pygmy long-fingered possum and the ring-tailed glider, have been confirmed alive after being considered extinct for over 7,000 years.
• The discovery was made possible through collaboration between scientists, Indigenous communities, and citizen scientists.
• These animals are classified as “Lazarus species,” representing a rare phenomenon of reappearance after presumed extinction.
• Recent biodiversity research has revealed multiple new species, highlighting the ongoing need for exploration and conservation.