François-Noël Buffet has been appointed as France’s new Defender of Rights (Défenseur des droits) following a narrow vote in the National Assembly and Senate. The 62-year-old senator, nominated by President Emmanuel Macron, was approved by 43 votes to 39, replacing Claire Hédon.
Controversy Over Buffet’s Legislative Record
The appointment of François-Noël Buffet has drawn sharp criticism from human rights advocates due to his history of opposing equal rights for some of France’s most vulnerable communities. Buffet campaigned against the extension of marriage rights to same-sex couples in 2013 and voted against legislation in 2021 that would allow medically assisted reproduction for single women and lesbian couples.
Nicolas Faget, a spokesperson for the Association of Gay and Lesbian Parents and Future Parents (AGPL), described the appointment as “absurd and scary,” arguing that a bulwark against discrimination is now led by someone who does not believe in those specific rights. Further concerns were raised by the Inter-LGBT advocacy group, which stated the choice reflects the Élysée’s “contempt” for LGBTQIA+ people.
Buffet’s Political Ties and Professional Background
Buffet is a lawyer by training and a senator representing the Rhône department. He maintains close ties to hardline former interior minister Bruno Retailleau.
Beyond LGBTQIA+ issues, Buffet has faced scrutiny for his stances on migration and healthcare. Buffet supports cutting back on state-funded medical care for undocumented migrants. Charlotte Kwantes of the organization Utopia 56 told Libération that these views create doubt regarding his commitment to the rights of foreign nationals.
The National Assembly Hearing and Defense
During a hearing before the National Assembly’s Legal Affairs Committee, Buffet faced accusations from a leftwing lawmaker regarding a history of “racist and homophobic votes.” In his defense, Buffet claimed he has “evolved” on several issues. Regarding his 2013 opposition to same-sex marriage, he stated, “I did something stupid; I had my doubts about the consequences, but not about the principle itself.”
Buffet pointed to other aspects of his record to demonstrate his commitment to rights, including:
- Tabling a Senate bill to improve conditions for prison inmates.
- Improving accessibility for people with disabilities during his two-decade tenure as mayor of Oullins.
He also avoided direct answers regarding a controversial bill from his party that proposes a “presumption of legitimate defence” for police officers using firearms—a measure the outgoing Defender of Rights, Claire Hédon, described as deeply problematic.
The Role of the Defender of Rights
The Défenseur des droits is a human rights watchdog acting independently of government, tasked with defending citizens whose rights are infringed and ensuring the equal protection of legal rights in France. While the ombudsman lacks direct judicial or legislative power, the office’s recommendations carry significant weight in courtrooms and in disputes between citizens and public authorities.
Critics, including the AGPL, argue that the office is vital for helping same-sex parents navigate obstacles in registering children or securing paid parental leave. They contend that appointing a political opponent of these rights undermines the institution’s ability to combat discrimination.
Political Context of the Nomination
The nomination was confirmed in an Elysée Palace statement on July 7, a date that coincided with a court hearing involving Marine Le Pen. Some critics suggest the appointment is part of a broader pattern of “political wheeling and dealing,” noting that President Macron has recently appointed several conservative politicians to key roles in health, gender equality, and anti-discrimination ministries.
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