EU Considers Expanding Naval Mission Amidst Strait of Hormuz Concerns

European Union foreign ministers are actively discussing the potential expansion of the Aspides naval mission, initially launched in February 2024 to address Houthi attacks in the Red Sea, to include the strategically vital Strait of Hormuz. This consideration comes as tensions escalate following recent US-Israeli strikes on Iran and Tehran’s subsequent threats to disrupt oil tanker traffic through the strait, a critical waterway for global energy supplies.

Rising Tensions and the Strait of Hormuz

The Strait of Hormuz, through which approximately 20% of the world’s oil passes, has seen increased disruption since the end of February 2026, with Iranian forces and allied militias engaging in tanker attacks, drone strikes, and mine threats. These actions have driven up insurance costs and forced rerouting of shipments, pushing Brent crude prices towards $120 per barrel [greekcitytimes.com]. Iran announced it would block the waterway in retaliation for the strikes, further exacerbating concerns about global energy security.

The Aspides Mission and Potential Expansion

Currently, the EU’s Aspides mission is led by an Italian frigate, with a Greek corvette already deployed, and a French destroyer and a second Italian vessel on standby. Its mandate is limited to escorting merchant vessels in the Red Sea and Bab el-Mandeb Strait against Houthi attacks [greekcitytimes.com]. Expanding the mission to the Persian Gulf and Strait of Hormuz is under debate, with EU foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas reportedly urging member states to commit additional warships [greekcitytimes.com].

Divergent Views Among EU Member States

Even as the possibility of expansion is being considered, there is not unanimous support among EU member states. German Foreign Minister Johann Wadephul has expressed skepticism, stating he does not believe extending Aspides to the Strait of Hormuz would enhance security and questioned the mission’s effectiveness even in its current area of operation [euronews.com]. Italy, however, signaled readiness to “strengthen the mission to protect trade” [jpost.com].

International Response and US Pressure

The situation has prompted calls for international cooperation to secure the Strait of Hormuz. Former US President Donald Trump has urged countries, including the United Kingdom, France, China, and Japan, to deploy vessels to protect oil shipments [euronews.com]. South Korea is reportedly examining the US request, while Japan has indicated that a decision would require “in-depth assessments” [euronews.com]. The United Kingdom is “in contact with allies” and considering “all possible options” [euronews.com].

Potential Risks and Future Outlook

Expanding Aspides’ mandate to include direct intervention in the Strait of Hormuz carries risks, potentially transforming a defensive operation into a more active role and escalating the conflict. Discussions are also underway regarding the possibility of establishing an international mission, potentially under UN auspices, to ensure the free passage of ships. A decision on the future of the Aspides mission is expected following further discussions among EU foreign ministers.