Indian Fathers Embrace Caregiving Roles Amid Shifting Gender Norms, Study Reveals

Indian fathers are increasingly taking on hands-on caregiving roles, challenging traditional gender norms and finding personal fulfillment in the process, according to a 2026 report by Equimundo: Center for Masculinities and Social Justice. The study, which interviewed over 5,000 fathers globally, found that 90% of participants described caregiving as a profound source of happiness, despite facing societal pressures and financial instability.

The Evolution of Fatherhood in India

For Ajas Ahmed, a 27-year-old chauffeur in Chennai, the birth of his son Naseer in 2025 marked a turning point. After his wife endured a difficult labor, Ahmed prioritized her recovery, taking time off work to support her. “Being a father means more than just earning for your family. It means being there for them, especially when they need you the most,” he said. His experience reflects a broader trend: as more women enter the workforce, men are redefining their roles as caregivers.

Dr. Nilay Mahajan, an orthopedic surgeon in Uttar Pradesh, exemplifies this shift. Since the birth of his daughter Tarini in 2025, Mahajan has taken on daily caregiving duties, including diaper changes and nighttime feedings. “The moment you hold your baby, your brain wiring changes,” he explained. “Raising a child should never be a single person’s responsibility.”

Economic Precarity and the Burden of Care

Despite their willingness to care, fathers face significant economic challenges. The Equimundo report found that 75% of Indian fathers interviewed worried about financial instability, with many taking on multiple jobs or working overtime. “Economic precarity—fear of financial instability—impacts every aspect of parenting,” said Taveeshi Gupta, a lead author of the study. “It affects mental health, caregiving satisfaction, and overall life outcomes.”

Manik Seghal, a Deloitte consultant in Faridabad, cut back on work travel after the birth of his son Gunagyaa in 2025. “I used to live out of a suitcase, but now I’m more mindful of my travel,” he said. “I want to be present for my family.” However, rising costs of living and inflation add to the stress, with many fathers questioning the future they’re building for their children.

Policies to Support Caregiving Fathers

The report recommends expanding paid parental leave for fathers to match maternity leave durations and implementing social protections for low-income families. “Fathers increasingly want to care, but they need societies, employers, and health systems that make caregiving possible,” said Gary Barker, CEO of Equimundo. “This support benefits mothers too.”

In India, where 85% of fathers still identify as primary providers, cultural shifts are gradual. However, the study highlights a growing recognition that caregiving is not just a duty but a source of meaning. As Mahajan put it, “I want my daughter to grow up in a world where men and women are equal partners.”

For more insights on global parenting trends, visit the Equimundo website.