Massachusetts Voters May Get a Chance to Overhaul Primary System

Massachusetts voters may soon have the opportunity to reshape the state’s election process with a ballot initiative that proposes to implement all-party primaries. Currently, Massachusetts has some of the least competitive elections and least transparent legislature in the country, according to the Coalition for Healthy Democracy.

The Problem with the Current System

A review by the Coalition for Healthy Democracy found that 51 percent of all elections in Massachusetts since 2014 have been uncompetitive, meaning only one candidate ran for office. In the 2024 statewide election, that number rose to 61 percent. Massachusetts also ranks last in electoral competitiveness among the 44 states that hold legislative elections in even-numbered years, according to Ballotpedia.

The current system often leads to primary elections with low voter turnout, where a small fraction of voters determine the outcome. Unenrolled voters, who comprise 65 percent of the Massachusetts electorate, are often sidelined in the most crucial stage of the election cycle. The process can discourage participation, as unenrolled voters are forced to choose a party ballot and are then excluded from races on other party ballots.

This lack of competition can lead to decreased accountability and a slower response to pressing issues like housing affordability, healthcare, and rising costs.

The Proposed Solution: All-Party Primaries

The ballot initiative, championed by the Coalition for Healthy Democracy, would replace the current party-controlled primaries with a single preliminary election open to all candidates. Candidates would appear on the ballot with their party affiliation, and the top two vote-getters, regardless of party, would advance to the general election.

This system is already used in mayoral elections in several Massachusetts cities, including Boston, Northampton, Beverly, and Fall River. Proponents argue it will elevate new voices, increase voter participation, and reduce the influence of special interests.

How it Would Work

• Open to All Voters: All registered voters can participate, regardless of party affiliation.
• Candidate Labels: Candidates will appear on the ballot with their party affiliation.
• Top-Two Advance: The two candidates with the most votes will move on to the general election.

Potential Benefits

• Increased Competition: Encourages more candidates to run and compete for votes.
• Higher Voter Participation: Allows all voters to participate in the initial stage of the election.
• Greater Accountability: Forces candidates to appeal to a broader range of voters.
• More Responsive Government: Incentivizes lawmakers to listen to a wider range of perspectives and deliver results.

Looking Ahead

The ballot initiative will appear before voters in November, offering a potential reset for Massachusetts’ political system. If passed, it could lead to more competitive elections, increased voter engagement, and a more responsive government. The initiative represents a safeguard built into the state constitution, allowing voters to act directly when the legislature stalls on critical issues.