Low-Carb Coaching and HbA1c Reduction
A study published in BMJ Nutrition found that 48 participants with Type 2 diabetes who underwent six months of low-carb coaching lost an average of 5.2 kilograms. The group’s average Body Mass Index (BMI) dropped from 30.6 to 28.8. Most significantly, their long-term blood sugar levels, measured as HbA1c, improved by 17%.
The dietary framework focuses on “insulin-neutral” foods to prevent sharp glucose spikes. According to the study’s parameters, recommended foods include:
- Vegetables
- Eggs, fish, and meat
- Cheese and quark
The protocol explicitly restricts starchy carbohydrates, including bread, potatoes, rice, pasta, and oat milk.
Oral Semaglutide vs. Injectable GLP-1s
The European Commission has approved a daily oral tablet of semaglutide. The Markteinführung in Deutschland ist für Mitte August 2026 geplant. This oral formulation offers a non-invasive alternative to the weekly injections commonly used in weight management.
Data from the OASIS-4 study shows the oral tablet can lead to a weight loss of approximately 17%, with one-third of participants losing more than 20% of their body weight. When compared to the weekly injection, the oral tablet’s efficacy varies by study duration:
| Administration Method | Average Weight Loss | Study Duration |
|---|---|---|
| Weekly Injection | ~19% | 72 Weeks |
| Daily Oral Tablet | ~14% | 64 Weeks |
Medical guidelines for the tablet are strict. Patients must take the medication daily on an empty stomach with a small amount of water and wait 30 minutes before eating. Experts like Jens Aberle have cautioned against using these medications outside of approved medical indications.
The Science of Food Sequencing
Jessie Inchauspé advocates for a model of food sequencing. This method suggests that the order in which nutrients enter the stomach changes how the body processes sugar. The recommended sequence is:
- Fiber: Vegetables.
- Fats and Proteins: Meat, eggs, or healthy oils.
- Kohlenhydrate und Zucker: Starches and sugars.
Neurological Benefits and Long-Term Risks
Emerging research suggests that diabetes medications may have protective effects on the brain. An analysis published in JAMA Network Open indicates that SGLT2 inhibitors reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease by 43%, while GLP-1 agonists reduce the risk by 33%.
However, extreme dietary shifts carry potential risks. A study from the MIT using mouse models suggests that ketogenic, high-fat diets may promote tumors in the small intestine in subjects with a genetic predisposition. Researchers note that it remains unclear if these findings translate directly to humans.
Industry Trends in Food Reformulation
The food industry is gradually shifting toward healthier profiles. According to the 2025 product monitoring report from the Max Rubner Institute, processed foods are seeing a gradual reduction in sugar, salt, and fat. The Lebensmittelverband Deutschland attributes this trend to voluntary reformulation processes by manufacturers.
Despite these industry changes, nutrition experts emphasize that foundational habits remain the most effective tools: consuming at least 20 grams of protein at breakfast and eliminating “hidden” calories found in smoothies and milk-based coffees.
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