Novel Toothpaste Targets Harmful Bacteria Even as Protecting Oral Microbiome

Traditional antibacterial toothpastes, while effective against oral pathogens, often disrupt the delicate balance of the oral microbiome. A newly developed toothpaste utilizes a novel substance designed to combat harmful bacteria without eliminating the beneficial microbes essential for oral health. This innovation aims to prevent conditions like periodontitis and potentially reduce the risk of systemic diseases linked to oral bacteria.

The Problem with Traditional Antibacterial Toothpastes

Mouthwashes and toothpastes containing ingredients like chlorhexidine or alcohol broadly target bacteria in the mouth. While they can eliminate pathogens, they similarly kill off a significant portion of the over 700 types of bacteria, both good and bad, that reside in the oral cavity. This indiscriminate approach allows harmful bacteria to quickly repopulate, as they often grow faster than other species.

A Novel Approach: Blocking Bacterial Growth

Researchers have discovered a substance, Guanidinoethylbenzylamino Imidazopyridine Acetat, that inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria rather than killing them. This compound specifically targets the enzymes that these bacteria need to thrive. By blocking these enzymes, the substance prevents the bacteria from becoming toxic, allowing beneficial bacteria to flourish and maintain a stable microbial balance in the mouth.

“They cannot develop their toxic effect, and the healthy germs can occupy niches that would otherwise be denied to them. In this way, the substance, in harmony with the healthy bacteria, helps to gently build up the microbial balance in the mouth and keep it stable,” says Stephan Schilling, head of the Fraunhofer IZI branch office for molecular drug biochemistry and therapy development.

Products and Availability

The researchers have developed both a toothpaste and a care gel containing this active ingredient. The care gel is intended for professional employ by dentists during teeth cleaning procedures. A mouthwash formulation is also under development. These products are being developed and sold by PerioTrap, a company founded in 2018 as a spin-off from Fraunhofer.

The Link Between Oral Health and Systemic Diseases

Periodontitis, a severe gum infection, can lead to gum recession and tooth loosening. Beyond oral health, the presence of harmful bacteria in the mouth has been linked to an increased risk of systemic diseases, including diabetes, rheumatism, arthritis, and even Alzheimer’s disease if these bacteria enter the bloodstream.

Image of toothpaste. Source: Getty Images