Chronic Wasting Disease in Wisconsin: What You Need too Know

As of January 7, 2026, Wisconsin wildlife officials continue to monitor for Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD), a serious and fatal neurological disease affecting deer, elk, moose, and caribou. While Brown County currently remains CWD-free, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (DNR) emphasizes the importance of vigilance and public reporting to maintain this status.

Understanding Chronic Wasting disease

Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) is caused by misfolded proteins called prions, which are exceptionally stable and damage brain tissue. These proteins accumulate in the brain, spinal cord, and other tissues, ultimately leading to neurological symptoms and death. CWD belongs to a family of diseases known as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) [[1]]. It is indeed spread through direct animal-to-animal contact and indirectly through environmental contamination, such as soil and water.

CWD Prevalence in Wisconsin

While Brown County has not detected CWD in its wild deer population or in any captive facilities, the DNR acknowledges that the disease is present statewide, with the highest concentrations in southwestern Wisconsin.Recent data indicates that approximately 10% of sampled deer in Wisconsin test positive for CWD [[3]]. The DNR continues to closely monitor for the disease in all counties, particularly those bordering areas with known CWD prevalence.

Recognizing the Signs of CWD

Identifying CWD can be challenging, as symptoms often develop slowly. Though, key indicators include:

• Pronounced weight loss: Even with adequate food intake.
• Lethargy: The animal appears weak and less responsive.
• Behavioral changes: Including loss of coordination,stumbling,and a lack of fear of humans.
• Excessive drooling: Increased salivation.
• Physical decline: Visible emaciation and a generally unkempt appearance.

It’s critically important to note that these symptoms can also be indicative of other illnesses, so professional diagnosis is crucial.

Is CWD a Threat to Humans?

Currently, there is no evidence that CWD can be transmitted to humans [[2]]. However, the World Health Association (WHO) recommends that, as a precaution, meat from CWD-infected animals should not be consumed.

is Deer Meat Safe to Eat?

The DNR recommends that hunters have deer tested for CWD before consuming the meat, especially if the animal was harvested from a known CWD-affected area. Results are typically available within 10-14 business days.The DNR provides resources for CWD testing on its website. While the risk to humans is considered low, erring on the side of caution is advised.

Reporting Sick Deer

Public participation is vital in monitoring the spread of CWD. Anyone who observes a deer exhibiting signs of illness or behaving abnormally is urged to report it to the Wisconsin DNR. These reports are cataloged and analyzed to identify potential trends and monitor overall deer herd health.

Looking Ahead

The Wisconsin DNR remains committed to managing CWD and protecting the state’s deer population.Ongoing efforts include disease surveillance, research, and implementing regulations to limit the spread of CWD. Continued vigilance and public cooperation are essential to maintaining the health of Wisconsin’s deer herd.