Dental Care Access in Quebec: Shortages and Solutions

Access to dental care is becoming increasingly challenging for residents of Quebec, particularly in regions outside of major urban centers. A shortage of dentists and dental hygienists, coupled with an aging population and increasing demand, is straining the system. This article examines the current state of dental care access in Quebec, the factors contributing to the problem, and potential solutions.

Current Situation: A Growing Shortage

While Quebec currently has over 200 dentists practicing in the Chaudière-Appalaches region, an additional 85 professionals are needed to meet the demands of the population. According to Dr. Marie-Claude Desjardins, president of the Association des chirurgiens-dentistes du Québec (ACDQ), this shortage is no longer limited to remote areas.

The situation is further complicated by a lack of dental hygienists. In Chaudière-Appalaches, there are 353 hygienists, but at least 80 more are required. Dr. Desjardins notes that the proximity to Quebec City doesn’t necessarily alleviate the issue.

Factors Contributing to the Shortage

• Geographic Distribution of Dental Schools: Dentistry programs are primarily located in Montreal and Quebec City, and graduates are not obligated to practice in specific regions after completing their studies. As Dr. Desjardins explains, most dentists are private entrepreneurs who choose where to establish their practices.
• Retirements: A wave of retirements among dentists is exacerbating the shortage, creating a need for succession planning.
• Increased Demand: The aging population is maintaining their natural teeth longer, requiring more dental care.
• The Canadian Dental Care Plan: While welcomed as a step towards improved access, the new Canadian Dental Care Plan is adding pressure to an already strained system.

ACDQ Initiatives and Potential Solutions

The ACDQ is taking steps to address the shortage, including:

• Subsidizing Regional Internships: The ACDQ provides financial support for dental students to complete internships in rural and underserved areas.
• Mapping Dental Needs: The ACDQ is working on a comprehensive map of dental needs across Quebec to identify areas with the greatest shortages.

However, relying solely on professional immigration is not seen as a viable solution, as dentists trained in other countries must still obtain equivalency certification. Dr. Desjardins suggests some dentists may opt to pursue training as dental hygienists instead.

Leadership at the ACDQ

Dr. Marie-Claude Desjardins became president of the Association des chirurgiens-dentistes du Québec on December 9, 2024. She has been actively working to defend the interests of the association’s 4,300 members and improve the dental profession in Quebec.

Looking Ahead

Addressing the dental care shortage in Quebec will require a multi-faceted approach. Continued investment in regional internships, strategic mapping of needs, and support for dental professionals are crucial steps. The ACDQ is also focused on professional development opportunities, such as the Human Resources Management Training Program at HEC Montreal, starting March 14, 2026. Ensuring access to quality dental care for all Quebecers remains a significant challenge, but ongoing efforts are aimed at building a sustainable and equitable system.