An estimated 8 million people in Latin America are infected with Chagas disease, according to a World Health Organization alert reiterated on April 19, 2026.
WHO renews warning on Chagas disease transmission risk
The WHO alert highlights that the parasitic illness, primarily spread by triatomine bugs in rural areas of Mexico, Central America, and South America, remains a significant public health concern in endemic regions. While the risk of local transmission in India is negligible, the organization advises travelers returning from affected countries to monitor for symptoms and seek medical evaluation if exposed. The disease often progresses silently, with chronic complications appearing years after initial infection.
Travelers urged to take precautions after visiting endemic zones
Health officials recommend that individuals who have stayed in poorly constructed housing or rural dwellings in endemic areas avoid blood or organ donation without prior screening. Early detection through serological testing can prevent long-term cardiac or gastrointestinal damage. The WHO stresses that awareness among healthcare providers in non-endemic countries like India is crucial for identifying imported cases.
What is Chagas disease and how is it spread?
Chagas disease is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, transmitted to humans through the feces of infected triatomine bugs, also known as kissing bugs. The parasites enter the body via mucous membranes or breaks in the skin after contact with bug feces.
Can Chagas disease be treated?
Yes, antiparasitic medications such as benznidazole or nifurtimox are effective, especially when administered during the early acute phase of infection. Treatment in the chronic phase focuses on managing complications and slowing disease progression.