The Erosion of Loyalty in Global Politics: Zarif on a ‘Post-Polar’ World

Former Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif has asserted that the traditional concept of reliance on major power loyalty is becoming obsolete in international relations. Speaking at the unveiling of the book “The World Ahead: Discourses on the Global Order” on January 8, 2026, Zarif argued that the global order is transitioning into a “post-polar” phase characterized by fragmented power across military, economic, and technological spheres.

The Decline of Steadfast Support

Zarif’s analysis centers on the idea that countries can no longer depend on the consistent support of global powers. He cited the case of Venezuela, noting that neither China nor Russia provided substantial aid when the country faced significant challenges. IFP News reports that Zarif believes this demonstrates a shift away from dependable alliances.

Iran’s Experience and Shifting Dynamics

Drawing parallels to Iran’s own recent conflict with a US-Israeli coalition, Zarif stated that expectations of meaningful support from major powers were unmet. This experience reinforced his view that the era of guaranteed loyalty in international affairs has passed. He also pointed to evolving dynamics within the US, NATO, and transatlantic relations, referencing US policy towards Ukraine and past statements by former US President Donald Trump regarding Greenland as evidence of this shift.

From Bipolar to ‘Post-Polar’

Zarif contends that the world is no longer accurately described as either bipolar or multipolar. Instead, it is entering a “post-polar” phase where power is more diffuse. This fragmentation, he argues, necessitates a reassessment of how nations approach international relations and protect their national interests.

The Danger of Outdated Ideologies

The former Foreign Minister cautioned against clinging to outdated, bloc-based perspectives, suggesting they lead to flawed analysis and the proliferation of conspiracy theories. He emphasized the importance of adopting a new understanding of the international system to effectively navigate global trends.

Mohammad Javad Zarif: A Profile

Mohammad Javad Zarif is a veteran Iranian diplomat and academic who served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Iran from 2013 to 2021 under President Hassan Rouhani. According to Wikipedia, he also held the position of Vice President for Strategic Affairs from August 2024 to March 2025, and currently serves as an advisor to the President and head of the Center for Strategic Studies.

Zarif was also the Chief Nuclear Negotiator of Iran from 2013 to 2015, playing a key role in the negotiations leading to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). Prior to his ministerial role, he served as the Ambassador of Iran to the United Nations from 2002 to 2007.