Understanding the ‘Cicada’ Variant: What You Need to Know About BA.3.2

As we navigate the ongoing evolution of COVID-19, a new variant has captured the attention of public health experts. Known scientifically as BA.3.2 and nicknamed “cicada,” this strain is currently being monitored as it spreads across the United States. As a physician, I want to break down what we know about this variant, why it’s gaining attention, and how you can stay protected.

What is the ‘Cicada’ Variant?

The BA.3.2 variant is a heavily mutated version of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the virus that causes COVID-19 is in a constant state of mutation. This is a natural process as the virus spreads, leading to the emergence of new lineages.

What sets BA.3.2 apart is its unique genetic profile. Experts have identified a significant number of mutations in the virus’s spike protein—the part of the virus it uses to attach to and enter human cells. Because of these distinct genetic changes, the World Health Organization classified BA.3.2 as a “variant under monitoring” in December 2025.

Why Is This Variant Concerning?

The primary concern surrounding the “cicada” variant is its potential to evade immune protection. Research published in the CDC’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report indicates that the specific genetic modifications found in BA.3.2 may reduce the effectiveness of immunity gained from previous infections or prior vaccinations.

The nickname “cicada” was coined by Dr. T. Ryan Gregory, a professor of evolutionary biology at the University of Guelph. The name reflects the variant’s behavior: it spent a significant amount of time circulating at incredibly low levels—effectively “underground”—before beginning to gain traction and spread more widely in recent months.

Current Status and Distribution

As of early April 2026, BA.3.2 has been detected in more than half of U.S. States. While national COVID-19 infection rates have shown a decline, the emergence of this specific variant serves as a reminder that the virus remains active and continues to evolve. Public health officials are tracking its transmission patterns closely to understand its impact on community health.

Key Takeaways

• Genetic Differences: BA.3.2 features a high number of mutations in its spike protein, which may help it bypass existing immune defenses.
• Monitoring Status: The World Health Organization has labeled it a “variant under monitoring,” signaling that it requires ongoing observation.
• Widespread Presence: The variant has been identified in more than 50% of U.S. States as of April 2026.
• Vaccination Importance: Staying up to date with COVID-19 vaccinations remains the most effective way to lower the risk of severe illness, even as new variants emerge.

How to Protect Yourself

Regardless of which variant is circulating, the fundamental strategies for protecting yourself and your community remain consistent. Staying up to date with your COVID-19 vaccinations is the most important step you can take to reduce your risk of severe disease, hospitalization, and death.

If you are experiencing symptoms, testing is the best way to determine if you have COVID-19. Accessing appropriate medical guidance for symptom management and recovery is essential, especially for individuals with underlying medical conditions that may increase the risk of complications.

As we move forward, maintaining awareness of local health guidance and practicing standard hygiene measures—such as hand washing and staying home when sick—will continue to be our best defense against the evolving nature of SARS-CoV-2.

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.