Multiple Sclerosis Prevalence Doubles, Survival Rates Improve, But Disparities Remain
Multiple sclerosis (MS) has seen a significant increase in recorded prevalence in England between 2000 and 2020, more than doubling over the two decades with a 6% annual rise. This increase is largely attributed to improved diagnostic methods and increased life expectancy for those with the condition, according to a new study by researchers at University College London (UCL) and Imperial College London .
Improved Survival Rates and Ongoing Inequalities
The study, published in JAMA Neurology, as well revealed a notable improvement in the survival rates of individuals with MS. Those diagnosed later in the study period were more likely to live to 80 years old and experienced lower annual mortality rates, indicating the positive impact of advancements in treatments and care. Although, the research also highlighted existing inequalities, with higher mortality rates observed in more deprived areas.
Socioeconomic Disparities in MS Outcomes
Researchers found that mortality rates were highest in deprived areas, while MS prevalence was highest in the least deprived areas. This suggests a potential issue of undiagnosed MS in deprived communities, coupled with reduced access to care, delayed treatment initiation, and a higher prevalence of co-existing health conditions. Smoking and obesity, both more common in deprived areas, were also identified as factors contributing to poorer outcomes for individuals with MS.
The Importance of Early Diagnosis and Accessible Care
Professor Olga Ciccarelli (NIHR Research Professor of Neurology, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology), the lead author of the study, emphasized the progress made in MS care. “People with MS are living longer than ever before, thanks to better care, disease-modifying therapies, and earlier diagnosis, but there is still much more to do,” she stated. She further highlighted the importance of addressing modifiable risk factors, stating, “We found that quitting smoking and maintaining a healthy weight were both associated with lower mortality.”
MS Society Response and Call for Equitable Access
Dr. Catherine Godbold, Senior Research Communications Manager at the MS Society, echoed the need for improved equity in MS care. “Exploring the role of deprivation in MS outcomes is important research. It’s encouraging to see evidence showing improvements in life expectancy for people with MS. But we need to see more consistent access to diagnosis, treatment, and support for people to manage their symptoms so that everyone with MS, whatever their circumstances or where they live, can live well. We understand smoking and obesity can worsen MS, and this study suggests targeted support around stopping smoking and maintaining a healthy weight could also be crucial in reducing inequalities in MS outcomes,” .
Understanding Multiple Sclerosis
MS is a neurological condition where the immune system attacks the central nervous system. Common early symptoms include tingling, numbness, limb weakness, and vision problems, but diagnosis can be challenging and may take time. Symptoms can commence years before a definitive diagnosis is made.
Study Methodology
The research involved a review of over 30 years of public health records, utilizing a large database of primary (GP) care records in England from 1990 to 2023, with some records linked to secondary (hospital) care data. Researchers identified potential MS cases based on diagnostic records and prescriptions for MS-specific medications.
Source: University College London
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