Radioembolization: A Lifesaving Treatment for Liver Cancer

Radioembolization is a minimally invasive cancer treatment that delivers radiation directly to tumors in the liver. This technique is gaining prominence as an effective option for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastasis, offering a targeted approach with minimal damage to surrounding healthy tissue.

Understanding Radioembolization

Radioembolization, a form of brachytherapy, involves injecting tiny radioactive particles – typically yttrium-90 (⁹⁰Y) loaded microspheres – into the arteries that feed a tumor. These particles lodge within the tumor, emitting radiation that destroys cancer cells while sparing much of the healthy liver . The radiation gradually diminishes over about a month, while the particles remain safely in place .

Who Benefits from Radioembolization?

Radioembolization is primarily used to treat cancers that have originated in the liver (hepatocellular carcinoma) or have spread to the liver from other parts of the body (liver metastasis) . It’s often considered for patients who may not be suitable candidates for other treatments, such as surgery or chemotherapy . Recent advancements are also exploring its use for a wider range of target tumors .

The Radioembolization Procedure

The procedure is performed during an angiogram. A catheter is inserted into an artery, usually in the groin, and guided to the blood vessels supplying the liver tumor under X-ray guidance . Before the actual treatment, a test run angiogram is performed to assess the suitability of the liver’s blood vessels . Liquid containing the radioactive particles is then injected through the catheter, targeting the tumor directly.

Success Rates and Potential Complications

Radioembolization boasts impressive disease control rates, often exceeding 80% . While generally well-tolerated, potential complications can occur. These are not typically caused by the embolic effect (blocking blood flow) but rather by excessive irradiation of surrounding tissues .

A Mother’s Plea for Help

Recently, Silvia Quiñones, the mother of Sol Varacalli, shared her daughter’s story, highlighting the need for radioembolization treatment. Sol was diagnosed with ocular melanoma three years ago, and recent scans revealed liver metastasis. After unsuccessful chemotherapy attempts, radioembolization has been identified as a potential life-saving option . The treatment, requiring ten capsules of imported medication, carries a cost of 55 million pesos, a sum the family is struggling to raise due to a lack of health insurance . Donations are being accepted to help fund Sol’s treatment.

The Future of Radioembolization

Radioembolization continues to evolve with new dosimetry techniques, radionuclides, and expanding applications to different tumor types . As research progresses, this targeted therapy promises to become an even more valuable tool in the fight against liver cancer and beyond.