Nova Scotia Considers Apology and Reparations for Environmental Racism Against Mi’kmaw and Black Communities

Nova Scotia is considering a formal apology and potential reparations to Mi’kmaw and African Nova Scotian communities for the harms caused by environmental racism. A report by a provincially legislated panel, obtained by CBC News in November 2025, recommends these actions as part of a broader effort to address systemic inequities.

Report Findings and Recommendations

The report, which has yet to be made public, contains 14 recommendations focused on empowering affected communities to collaborate with the government, rather than simply being consulted. This collaborative approach aims to ensure accountability in addressing long-standing systemic issues as reported by CBC News.

While specific financial amounts for reparations are not detailed in the draft report, it acknowledges that “remediating and resolving” existing environmental racism situations and preventing future occurrences “will require investment.”

Historical Context of Dispossession

The need for these measures stems from a long history of land dispossession experienced by both Mi’kmaw and African Nova Scotian communities in Nova Scotia. The Mi’kmaq, the Indigenous people of Nova Scotia, were dispossessed of their lands and confined to reserves beginning in the early 1820s according to research from the Jackman Law Library at the University of Toronto.

Similarly, African Nova Scotians were also dispossessed of lands originally granted to them by colonial governments, leading to the establishment of communities like Africville, Preston, and Birchtown. Paula C. Madden, in her research, argues that the story of Africville and other instances of dispossession cannot be understood without acknowledging the parallel dispossession of the Mi’kmaq as detailed in her 2009 publication.

Legislative Framework: Dismantling Racism and Hate Act

These considerations align with the province’s commitment to addressing systemic racism, as outlined in the Dismantling Racism and Hate Act, passed on April 1, 2022. This Act, the first of its kind in Canada, focuses on systemic hate, inequity, and racism, specifically targeting underrepresented and underserved communities, including Mi’kmaq and Persons of Indigenous Descent, and African Nova Scotians.

Looking Ahead

The release of the full report and the government’s response will be crucial steps in addressing environmental racism and fostering reconciliation in Nova Scotia. The emphasis on community empowerment and collaboration signals a potential shift towards more equitable and just environmental policies.