Thailand urges public caution as melioidosis cases climb
Thai health officials are urging public vigilance as melioidosis cases continue to rise nationwide, with 732 confirmed infections and 23 deaths reported from January 1 to April 16, 2026. The disease, also known as "soil fever," is caused by the bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, which is commonly found in soil and stagnant water in tropical regions like Thailand.
Deputy Government Spokesperson Lalida Periswiwatana emphasized that infection can occur through direct contact with contaminated soil or water, particularly via skin wounds, inhalation of dust particles, or ingestion of contaminated water. Symptoms vary widely but often include high fever, headache, muscle pain, respiratory issues such as cough with phlegm and shortness of breath, and skin abscesses or chronic wounds. In some cases, symptoms may not appear for weeks, months, or even years after exposure.
If the bacteria enter the bloodstream, melioidosis can lead to severe complications including sepsis, low blood pressure, shock, and death. Individuals with underlying health conditions such as diabetes, chronic kidney disease, liver disease, chronic lung disease, thalassemia, or weakened immune systems are at significantly higher risk of severe illness. Agricultural workers, farmers, and others whose occupations involve regular contact with soil and water are also considered high-risk groups.
Health authorities are advising the public—especially those in at-risk categories—to avoid direct contact with soil and stagnant water, wear protective gear such as boots and gloves when working outdoors, and seek immediate medical attention if they experience persistent high fever, difficulty breathing, or infected wounds. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical, as melioidosis is treatable when caught promptly.
The Office of Disease Prevention and Control 7 in Khon Kaen reported 68 cases and two deaths within its region, with individuals aged 50 and over being the most affected demographic. Officials continue to monitor the situation closely and are calling for public cooperation to curb the spread of the disease.