Malaysia Weighs AI Adoption for Security Amid Data Leakage and Reliability Concerns
PUTRAJAYA – As Malaysia accelerates its push to integrate Artificial Intelligence (AI) into its security infrastructure, concerns are mounting regarding data security, reliability, and the nation’s dependence on foreign-owned AI technologies. Recent discussions highlight a cautious approach needed to balance the benefits of AI with potential risks to national security and data privacy.
Home Ministry Urges AI Adoption
Earlier this month, Home Minister Datuk Seri Saifuddin Nasution Ismail urged agencies and departments under his ministry to expedite the adoption of AI to bolster productivity and efficiency [NST]. He emphasized the potential of generative AI to streamline administrative tasks by analyzing large datasets and drafting documents quickly.
Concerns Over Data Security and Foreign Dependence
But, experts warn that relying on foreign-owned generative AI platforms poses significant risks, particularly for security agencies handling sensitive information. Lam Choong Wah of Universiti Malaya cautioned that the absence of a Malaysia-owned generative AI forces agencies to rely on external products, raising concerns about data leakage and privacy [FMT]. Data entered into these systems, even for administrative purposes, could be stored abroad and potentially compromised.
“My grab is that our security agencies must be extra careful when applying AI. The risk of data leakage cannot be underestimated,” Lam stated.
Reliability and Accuracy of AI Tools
Beyond data security, the reliability and accuracy of AI tools themselves are also under scrutiny. Experts suggest that AI should be used as a reference point rather than a definitive source of information, particularly in critical security operations. While AI-powered tools like object detectors can assist enforcement agencies, doubts remain about their accuracy [FMT].
Balancing Progress with Caution
Despite these concerns, some experts argue that embracing AI in the security sector is essential for Malaysia to remain competitive. Maritime affairs expert Salawati Mat Basir of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia noted that coast guards in neighboring Southeast Asian nations, including Indonesia, Thailand, and the Philippines, are already integrating AI into their operations [FMT]. She believes AI can enhance intelligence gathering and tactical operations, particularly in maritime areas.
“AI is being used in wars and conflicts around the world now. Satellites are also used to assist in operations, allowing them to get exact sights of their enemies,” Salawati said. “I do believe that AI can boost security operations. If we just stick to what’s conventional, we will not progress.”
Malaysia’s Approach to AI Development
Malaysia is adopting a pragmatic approach to AI development, choosing to collaborate with both the United States and China to access the most relevant and affordable technologies [Fortune]. Minister Saifuddin Nasution bin Ismail stated that this balanced approach allows Malaysia to negotiate effectively, innovate, and protect its national interests.
Home Ministry’s AI Security Resolutions
The Home Ministry is actively implementing four key resolutions on AI security adopted at the AI Transformation for Security Symposium 2025. These resolutions focus on trend and risk detection, smart border management, digital and strategic information transformation, and AI-driven service delivery [Malay Mail]. The Ministry is also prioritizing human capital development, ensuring its officers are equipped with the necessary AI skills.
Saifuddin Nasution Ismail added, “These steps are crucial as AI is now integral to the security ecosystem, and KDN cannot afford to fall behind.”