Mexico City Hummingbirds Face Increasing Threats from Climate Change and Pollution

Mexico City’s hummingbird population is facing growing challenges due to climate change and increasing pollution levels, threatening these vital pollinators and the biodiversity they support. Approximately 20 species of hummingbirds in the region are now experiencing negative impacts, according to recent reports from the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (Semarnat).

The Importance of Hummingbirds

Like bees and butterflies, hummingbirds play a crucial role in pollination, a process essential for the reproduction of plants, flowers, and fruits. This pollination maintains biodiversity and supports the food supply for both wildlife and humans. Mexico is home to over 50 hummingbird species, many of which are now considered vulnerable.

Rising Temperatures and Environmental Conditions

Experts at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) have found that temperatures in Mexico are rising at a rate of 3.2 degrees Celsius per century, exceeding the global average of 2 degrees Celsius per century [3]. This accelerated warming, coupled with increased rainfall and concentrated precipitation events [2], is creating less-than-ideal conditions for these delicate creatures. Recent environmental contingencies have resulted in air quality levels falling below acceptable standards, further exacerbating the problem.

Species at Risk

Several hummingbird species are facing particularly urgent threats:

• Short-crested coquette
• Oaxaca Hummingbird
• Mexican wood hummingbird

How to Help Hummingbirds

Individuals can grab several steps to support hummingbird populations:

• Plant Nectar-Producing Plants: Incorporate plants like Salvia mexicana, lavender, hibiscus, bugambilia, lantana, and sunflower into gardens, terraces, or balconies.
• Report Illegal Capture and Trade: Hummingbirds are protected by law, and capturing or selling them as pets is illegal and harmful. Due to their high metabolism, they cannot survive in confinement.

Resources for Further Learning

“The Brief Manual of Hummingbirds (2025)” will provide more detailed information about hummingbird species in Mexico City and how to contribute to their conservation.

Ongoing Research and Conservation Efforts

Scientists at UNAM continue to investigate the impacts of climate change on Mexico’s biodiversity, including hummingbird populations [1]. These research efforts are crucial for developing effective conservation strategies and protecting these vital pollinators for future generations.